ITAR的规定

的 International Traffic in Arms Regulations (22 C.F.R. §§120-130) are administered by the U.S. 国务院通过 Directorate of Defense Trade Controls (DDTC)，受 武器出口管制法 (22 U.S.C. §2778). ITAR place strict controls on the export of "defense articles" and "defense 服务s." Defense articles include any item, software, or 技术 data on the United States 弹药列表 (USML). Defense 服务s include the furnishing of assistance (including training) to foreign persons, whether or not in the United States, 关于国防物品, and the furnishing of any 技术 data associated with a defense article. 任何防卫品, 服务, or related 技术 data found to be on the USML requires an export license to be exported, i.e., 送给外国人的, whether or not in the United States, unless a regulatory exclusion or exemption delineated by ITAR is available.

ITAR定义*

出口:

Export means sending or taking defense articles out of the United States; disclosing (including oral or visual disclosure) or transferring in the United States any defense article to a subdivision of foreign government; disclosing (including oral or visual disclosure) or transferring 技术 data to 外国人, whether in the United States or abroad; or performing a defense 服务 on behalf of, 或者为了…的利益, 外国人.

国防文章:

Defense article means any item or 技术 data designated in the USML. This term includes 技术 data recorded or stored in any physical form, 模型, mockups or other items that reveal 技术 data directly relating to items designated in the USML. It does not include basic marketing information on function or purpose or general system descriptions.

国防服务:

• 的 furnishing of assistance (including training) to foreign persons, whether in the United States or abroad in the design, 发展, 工程, 制造, 生产, 组装, 测试, 修复, 维护, 修改, 操作, 非军事化, 破坏, processing or use of defense articles;
• 的 furnishing to foreign persons of any 技术 data controlled on the USML (see 22 C.F.R. §120.10), whether in the United States or abroad; or
• Military training of foreign units and forces, 规则和不规则, including formal or informal instruction of foreign persons in the United States or abroad or by correspondence courses, 技术, 教育, or information publications and media of all kinds, 教具, 取向, 训练, 以及军事建议. (也见22 C.F.R. §124.1.)

Significant Military Equipment (SME):

Significant military equipment means articles for which special export controls are warranted because of their capacity for substantial military utility or capability.

Significant military equipment includes:

1. Items in USML which are preceded by an asterisk; and
2. All classified articles enumerated in the USML.

技术数据:

技术数据是指信息, 软件以外, 哪些是设计需要的, 发展, 生产, 制造, 组装, 操作, 修复, 测试, 维护 or 修改 of defense articles. Technical data does not include information concerning general scientific, 数学, or 工程 principles commonly taught at colleges and universities or information in the public domain, 根据ITAR的定义. 

*For additional ITAR definitions, see 22. C.F.R. §§120.6-120.32.

U.S. 弹药列表

美国的管制物品.S. 弹药列表 (USML) are divided into twenty-one (21) categories. Within each category is a listing or description of the controlled items. 的 USML categories include broad descriptions of controlled items. For a complete listing of the items in each category, please refer to the USML的全文. 的 following categories of items and defense articles comprise the USML.

1. Firearms, Close Assault Weapons and Combat Shotguns
2. 枪支与军备
3. 弹药/条例
4. Launch Vehicles, Guided Missiles, Ballistic Missiles, Rockets, Torpedoes, Bombs, and Mines
5. Explosives and Energetic Materials, Propellants, Incendiary Agents, and 的ir Constituents
6. Vessels of War and Special Naval Equipment
7. 坦克和军用车辆
8. 飞机及相关设备
9. Military 培训 Equipment and 培训
10. Protective Personnel Equipment and Shelters
11. 军事电子
12. Fire Control, Range Finder, Optical and Guidance and Control Equipment
13. 辅助军事装备
14. Toxicological Agents, Including Chemical Agents, Biological Agents, and Associated Equipment
15. Spacecraft Systems and Associated Equipment
16. Nuclear Weapons, Design and Testing Related Items
17. Classified Articles, Technical Data and Defense 服务 Not Otherwise Enumerated
18. 定向能武器
19. (保留)
20. Submersible Vessels, Oceanographic and Associated Equipment
21. 各种各样的文章

下载adobereader